Bronze and Iron Ages · 3500 BCE - 400 CE

Trebuchet

Specifications

Type
Counterweight Siege Engine
Origin
China / Byzantine Empire / Medieval Europe
Era
c. 4th century BCE (traction), 12th century CE (counterweight)
Notable Users
Mongol armies, Crusader forces, medieval European kings
Epoch
Bronze and Iron Ages

History

The trebuchet is the most powerful mechanical siege weapon ever built. The counterweight variant, which appeared in the Mediterranean around the 12th century, uses a massive weight (up to 10 tonnes) on a pivoting beam to hurl projectiles weighing 100–150 kg over distances of 300 meters or more. Edward I’s ‘Warwolf,’ used at the siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, was so large that it required 30 wagons to transport. The trebuchet could demolish stone fortifications that had resisted battering rams and catapults for centuries.

Significance

The counterweight trebuchet was the ultimate expression of mechanical siege warfare — the last great innovation before gunpowder made stone castles obsolete. It proved that gravity itself could be weaponized.

54 Weapons. Five Epochs. One Poster.

The Trebuchet is one of 8 weapons from the Bronze and Iron Ages featured on the poster.

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